Ancestor Figure

Ancestor figures were the visual component of ancestor worship which reflected the fundamental Confucian precepts of reverence for one’s ancestors and commitment to filial piety. During the Qing dynasty the statues were often carved from boxwood, a commonly found soft wood. They functioned like ancestor portraits made of paper or silk and made to capture the likeness and spirit of the deceased. Although there is not much written about carved figures, analyzing painted portraits helps provide insight on the form, use, and cultural significance of these images. Stuart discusses (p. 82) ancestral images that he states are portrayed like deities and rulers as individuals meant to instill awe and devotion. The ancestor sits in an iconic pose removed from all worldly activity, encased in stillness with actions confined to rigid almost lifeless gestures such as grasping an accessory or tugging on his sleeves or holding up his belt. The face is the main focus, and although depicted realistically, ancestors’ facial expressions are remarkably similar and idealized: dignified and detached with a “somber forward gaze” and an inexpressive mouth with no indication of the sitter’s emotions, tastes, or personality. Rather, the portrayal emphasizes clothing, colors, and decorations that reveal the ancestor’s social status, the main function of the image and the family’s goal in commissioning it. Unlike portraits, which were only displayed on special occasions such as births, deaths, anniversaries and Chinese New Year, ancestor figures were placed on home altars and venerated daily with food offerings, prayers, flowers and incense. These images appeared along with figures of Taoist, Buddhist, and Popular Religion deities, as well as house gods, heroes, and legends. All were consecrated during an eye-opening ceremony performed by a monk or priest required before being placed on the altar.

Sources
Jan Stuart and Evelyn Rawaski, Worshiping the Ancestors: Chinese Commemorative Portraits, Palo Alto, Stanford University Press, 2001.

Showing 13–16 of 16 results

  • Antique Official Showing His Belt of Office (19047LHE) SPECIAL PRICE

    $985.00
    H: 15″ W: 6.5″ D: 5.5″  | EMAIL [email protected] OR CALL 213-568-3030 FOR SHIPPING COST

    This excellently carved civilian official with gilt highlights was commissioned by a family to place on a home altar for veneration and to impress those who viewed it. The imposing ancestor figure grasps his belt of office to show his pride in passing examinations to become a civil official, which leads to a life of rank and prosperity for him and his family. Statues like this are an affirmation of persistence, success, status and power and they honor those who display these characteristics.

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    Antique Rare Carving of a Huntsman with Rifle, China 16743WHK

    Original price was: $315.00.Current price is: $275.00.
    H: 9 ”    W:  3.625″    D: 3.5 ”    |  FREE SHIPPING WITHIN CONTINENTAL U.S.!

    This ancestor figure of a huntsman in the round is unique, standing on a  domed pedestal, facing half right holding a flint lock, wearing a hunting coat, a two-level hat,  traditional under- and outer-garment, and thick boots. As the noted scholar on Chinese wood carvings stated, a similar figure like this “unusual and extraordinary ancestral image of a huntsman with a flintlock gun, was the only ancestral image in his vast collection which “depicts the calling of the deceased.”

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    Antique Taoist Official with the Elixir of Life #16312BOK

    Original price was: $450.00.Current price is: $395.00.
    Ht: 9″ W: 5″ D: 3.5″ | FREE SHIPPING WITHIN CONTINENTAL U.S.!

    During the Ming and Qing dynasties small images of Taoist officials and priests were often shown holding a cup of the elixir of life to place on home altars along with ancestor figures, house gods and other religious images to bring blessings (fu) to the household. By commissioning  figures like this artful carving, families honored their ancestors and met their filial piety duties. Mounted on an acrylic stand.

  • Vintage Dyak Ancestor Mask Museum Stand, Kalimantan (1300BMK) SPECIAL PRICE

    $675.00

    The religion of the ethnic Dayak (Dyak) people of Kalimantan (Borneo), Indonesia is a mix of animism, shamanism and ancestor worship. Their word hudoq describes three different things: it describes the pests that can destroy the rice harvest on which their survival depends; the name of the huge yearly Dyak planting celebration and  the name…

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