Ushnisha

The ushnisha is a raised cranial protuberance, sometimes described as a three- dimensional oval or a top knot chignon, that is a symbol of the Buddha’s Enlightenment and denotes his intellectual power, wisdom, and attainment of spiritual radiance. It’s origin may be from hair styling in India where men tied their long hair in a bun to wear a turban or, as with the Buddha, an ascetic’s top-knot. Artistic renderings of the ushnisha vary by region and Buddhist tradition. In Mahayana Buddhism it is portrayed as a smooth rounded bump atop the Buddha’s head and in Southeast Asia, center of Theravada Buddhism, it is often represented as a tall thin rising flame or lotus flower. The ushnisha is sometimes centered with a painted hemisphere, called a nikkeishu in Japanese, symbolizing a jewel radiating the light of wisdom.

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