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The Chinese Republic (1912-1949) was established after the downfall of Qing Dynasty and imperial kilns were taken over by private porcelain production complexes that preserved the late Qing quality and integrated Western influences while creating stylistic advances, a colorful aesthetic, and unique shapes and styles. Republic Period and later 20th-century porcelains are recognized for their…
Influenced by Islam for centuries, Javanese theater in Indonesia is stylized, didactic and full of central characters said to be cultural and historic icons of morality. Mask drama theater (Topeng Wayang) in Java is dominated by the conservative central Javanese palace courts (kraton) of Surakarta, Solo and Jogjakarta (Yogyakarta) which have long supported mask makers,…
The culture, rituals, tribal and ethnic art of the Dayak (Dyak) of Kalimantan (Borneo), Indonesia is a mix of shamanism, animism and ancestor worship. Dyak festival masks worn on the face or large ones attached to a costume repel malicious spirits from entering communal spaces, insure village safety, protect babies in their carriers and defend…
The Yoruba in Nigeria believe in a “cult of the head” in which the head is considered a person’s soul and essence and where good judgment, spiritual intuition and destiny are contained. Not simply a head, ori is a Yoruba metaphysical concept referring to human consciousness, mental clarity and ethical worth. The ile ori is…
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