The basic aim of Confucianism, which was the official state cult in Imperial China, was and remains carrying out the duties and responsibilities appropriate to one’s position in society. Ancestor worship and reverence to family are fundamental elements of Confucianism. Rituals and ceremonies to honor ancestors must be performed in precise ways and when done properly, an individual can receive the aid, support and blessings of deceased relatives. Historically Taoism has been a link between Confucian beliefs and Popular Religion and folk traditions. Confucianism and Taoism both stress the importance of living in harmony with the “Way (Tao/ Dao) of Heaven.”
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Statues of Guandi, the God of War and Justice were displayed in Temples and home shrines throughout China. Part of a larger carving, wears military maille, has taotie – a warning against gluttony – and is covered in gold as a sign of power.
This ancestor figure official sits on a horseshoe chair showing his status wearing official’s attire: 5-button Mandarin long coat with a round collar and woven hat. Has a personalized tranquil face with a hint of a smile.
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