Known as the first Thai independent polity (society), the Sukhothai Kingdom (1238-1438)was the first independent kingdom in Thai history. It was originally a major trade center under the Khmer Kingdom, but after revolting against the Khmer, the Thais gained independence and built their domain around the ancient city of Sukhothai in north-central Thailand in 1238. It lost its independence after being invaded in 1349 by neighboring Ayutthaya, the 2nd Thai kingdom. The preserved ruins of the kingdom’s capital are a designated a World Heritage Site outside modern Sukhothai, a fascinating historical location. Its ruler Ram Khamhaeng the Great (1279–1298), introduced Theravada Buddhism, early Thai script and established relations with Yuan China from which Thailand gained techniques for the later production and export of Thai ceramics such as Sawankhalok (Sangkhalok in Thai) ware. Sukhothai was later a tributary state and then annexed by Ayutthaya 1438, and its nobility continued its influence with the Ayutthaya monarchy for a very long time after its kingdom fell.
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Prehistoric Thai Bronze Age jewelry, adzes and tools have been found all over Thailand. Excavations from various soil levels show many sites had been inhabited for millennia. They confirm the existence of an early, well-developed metallurgical tradition of bronze digging and cutting tools, adzes (ancient axe like tools to cut wood), adult and child’s bronze…
Produced in Thai kilns in the 14th to 15th centuries, Sawankhalok glazed stoneware lidded bowls were distributed through Southeast Asia along with a variety of larger and smaller items. Lidded bowls like this were used to store many things, especially spices, powders and cosmetics, betel nut chewing materials, and medicine. This bowl rests on a thick foot, has a lid with a radiating glazed petals surrounding an olive-brown glazed lotus bud handle. The cover’s side has a band of pointed star points and the body is covered with an intricate scroll of white glazed colored branches and florals.
Produced in Thai kilns in the 14th to 15th centuries, Sawankhalok glazed stoneware lidded bowls were distributed through southeast Asia along with a variety of larger and smaller items. Lidded bowls like this were used to store many things, especially spices, powders and cosmetics, betel nut chewing materials, and medicine. This bowl rests on a thick foot, has a lid with a brown lotus bud handle and covered with decorative panels of underglaze brown crosshatch and vegetal scrolls.
Produced in Thai kilns in the 14th to 15th centuries, Sawankhalok glazed stoneware lidded bowls were distributed through southeast Asia along with a variety of larger and smaller items. Lidded bowls like this were used to store many things, especially spices, powders and cosmetics, betel nut chewing materials, and medicine. It has an elegant mangosteen shape, alternating vibrant cream and brown glazes and stylized incised floral and geometric designs. The lid has a curved stem handle and a round raised calyx, a circle of radiating leaf-like projections that represents a mangosteen.
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