Great Chinese Goddesses

In his excellent article, Lee Irvin notes that female deities have always played a significant role in the Chinese religious pantheon. Three of Chinas great goddess – Xiwangmu (the Taoist Queen Mother of the West), the Buddhist bodhisattva Guanyin and Matsu (The Empress of Heaven) – all share the feminine principles of compassion, receptive nature and association with water and darkness, and all are imperially sanctioned divinities. Revered by all sectors of Chinese society from the endorsed government and religious sectors to the masses who embrace Popular Folk Religion and Taoism as well as Buddhism, their roles expanded from divine personages to also mortals with human expressions, emotions and needs. Each epitomize the feminine role of compassionate protectors and grant health, long life and safety to all devotees regardless of their rank or status. In doing so, they are viewed as interconnected and collectively provide devotees the will and spiritual means to oppose controlling dominant male religious and political forces. All three have popular small local shrines scattered through rural areas as well as large temples and monasteries dedicated to them: the Queen mother in Taoist and Popular Religion places of worship and Guanyin and Matsu in Buddhist and Popular Religion sanctuaries. Guanyin and the Queen Mother are uniquely linked in their roles as guides to a serene death. Guanyin in Pure Land Mahayana belief leads deceased souls to their rebirth in the Western Paradise, which is similar to the Taoist realm into which the Queen Mother guides the deceased.

Source:
Lee Irwin, “Divinity and Salvation: The Great Goddesses of China,” in Asian Folklore Studies, Indiana University, Vol. 49, 1990, pp 53-68.

Showing 25–36 of 37 results

  • Antique Nanhai Guanyin with Attendants and Donor, China (16218BHEM) $5900

    $5,900.00
     H: 34″    W: 12 ”    D: 15 ” SHIPPING INFORMATION REQUIRED. CONTACT US AT 213-568-3030

    Guanyin clearly dominates this majestic carving, in meditation and wearing  an ornate high  blue crown centered with an Amitabha Buddha in a deep arched border and her  traditional three-part robe  extending to her pedestal throne topped by flat lotus leaves.This remarkable carving Nanhai-Guanyin  is extremely rare, unique and difficult to interpret. We have never seen a Guanyin in her cave at Putuo surrounded by with two sets of attendants, her acolytes Shan Tsai  and the Dragon Princess Longnu and a seated Taoist official/ priest or possible the donor at the apex.  This was clearly commissioned by a very wealthy donor who wished to make a spiritual statement while emphasizing his reverence and status.

     

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  • Antique Nanhai Guanyin with Aureole and Acolytes, China (16428LMK) $795

    $720.00
    H: 22.25”  W: 7.25 ”  D: 5” | FOR SHIPPING INFORMATION CONTACT US AT 213-568-3030

    Nanhai Guanyin sits in meditation on a pedestal framed by a large mandorla with her two acolytes (one deteriorated) with a benign expression with half-closed eyes, pursed smiling lips, pendulous ears, and a crown with an image of Buddha Amitabha. Most Buddhist carvings suffered severe damage during China’s modernization and antique Guanyin images with her attendants are very rare.

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  • Antique Puppet Head of Queen Mother of the West, China (16800BCE) $950

    $950.00
    H: 17”  W: 4.25”  D: 4.5” | CALL/EMAIL FOR SHIPPING QUOTE

    Chinese puppet theatre thrived, educated and entertained people with puppets that usually had detachable heads. A very popular figure, the Queen Mother of the West is one of the highest ranking female Taoist deities venerated by women as a powerful, independent deity embodying yin (female energy) who they prayed to for health and long life. Her complex elaborate headdress includes a large outstretched tortoise atop her iconic symbol, the phoenix, all flanked by two nagas under an arch bordered with a scale like finish, a truly unique and impressive image. She is mounted on a modern contemporary frosted acrylic base.

     

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  • Antique Queen Mother of the West Casting Out Demons, China (16093BSK) $585

    $585.00
    H: 11.5”  W: 5.375”  D: 4.25” | FREE SHIPPING

    The Queen Mother of the West is one of the most significant Taoist female deities and a patron deity of woman who still pray to her on her birthday for health and longevity.This charming image sits on a backless throne with decorated pedestal, her iconic phoenix in her crown.  Her left hand is in karana mudra to cast out demons and negative energy. As it was consecrated it probably wasplaced on a home altar for personal devotion.

     

     

  • Antique Queen Mother of the West on Horse with Elixir Bowl, China (16297BLEM) $3750

    $3,750.00
    H:  22″  W: 8.25″  D:10″ | FOR SHIPPING INFORMATION CONTACT US AT 213-568-3030

    Given its size and quality, this rare and exquisite Queen Mother of the West probably was placed in a local temple or village/family clan setting. She is the Taoist deity who grants immortality, is the patron deity of women, controls the length of lives, and cultivates of virtue. This magnificent carving portrays her on a horse with a magnificent headdress centered by her iconic striking phoenix holding a cup with the elixir of immortality

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  • Antique Queen Mother of the West on Horse, China (16138BSE) $625

    $625.00
    H: 14.75”  W: 5.25”  D: 6.875” | FREE SHIPPING

    In this Queen Mother of the West (Xiwangmu) image, her significance as one of the most important and powerful Chinese goddesses is indicated by her large size in comparison to her regal horse adorned with a wide blanket, prominent headgear and a double-row harness with a decorative medallion. She wears her characteristic headdress with a phoenix and her  face is framed by abundant hair, pendulous ears and dangling earrings. Her right hand is up in a mudra called mushti , the fist “hand seal” by Taoists representing force, power and determination. She is worshipped today in China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and other overseas Chinese communities.

     

     

     

     

  • Antique Songzi Guanyin, Bestower of Children, China (16311XOKE) $2250

    $2,250.00
    H: 14.5”  W: 8.25”  D: 5” | FOR SHIPPING INFORMATION CONTACT US AT 213-568-3030

    This beautiful Guanyin is carved in the rural provincial tradition: a modest, compassionate and humble deity with a simple “crown” of lotus leaves holding and unadorned robe with flowing sleeves extended to her plain pedestal lined with simple leaves. Her face is extremely empathetic with a slight smile as she tenderly grasping her child who resembles the infant Buddha. Given its size and elegance it was probably on a home altar of a well to do couple desirous of having a (male) baby.

     

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  • Antique White Robed Guanyin on a Hǒu, China(16963BKE) $725

    $725.00
    H: 15.125”  W: 6”  D: 5” | FREE SHIPPING

    This charming White Robed Guanyin sits on a Hǒu, the mythical guardian beast that symbolizes righteousness and morality and the mandate to usher in peace and prosperity. Although generally beast, this Hǒu is a gentle Buddhist creature curled around Guanyin’s side as she in lalitsana clasping a rosary. This fine and rare provincial folk version of Guanyin is a small yet powerful carving.

     

  • Antique Wood Nanhai Guanyin of the South Sea, China (19508BME) $595

    $595.00
    H: 9.75″  W: 5″  D: 4.5″ | FREE SHIPPING!

    This enchanting carving depicts Nanhai Guanyin in her Cave on Mount Putuo seated in lalitsana, below a symbolic arch of draped moss with bright pigmentation and considerable gilt. Nanhai Guanyin was massively popular during the Ming/Qing dynasties and provincial wood images were made home altars throughout China. She holds scrolls representing the dharma and sutras, behind her is a vial with the tears of her humanity and parrot, her constant companion. Small Nanhai images with all these symbols in this  condition are very rare.

  • Rare Antique Guanyin Wearing Crown with Five Dyhani Buddhas, China (16557BAK) $695

    $695.00
    Ht: 9.5″  W: 4.5″  D: 3.75″ FREE SHIPPING!

    This delicately carved home altar figure is Guanyin represented as gender neutral in meditation on a lotus throne.  Her humble demeanor, modest robes and absence of stylized decorative details indicate it was carved by a provincial artisan, and its simple elegance exemplifies the best of provincial Ming and Qing carvings. She is a tranquil figure with simple, soft, and beautifully rendered facial details with almond shaped eyes cast down in serene composure wearing a five-lobed crown symbolically representing the five Dyhani Buddhas and reflecting Vajrayana Tantric influence.

  • SOLD Antique Carved Guanyin on Lotus Pedestal, China (16206B-WACK)

    $1,375.00
    SOLD  H: 23.25″  W: 9.25″  D: 6.25″

    This Guanyin image was probably one of a pair of images along with the Taoist Queen Mother of the West (16206A-WACK) placed together on a community, local temple or home altar.  Created by the same local artisan, they are provincial rather than imperial style having a humble, unadorned and simple rendering, seated on backless thrones, hands covered by a ritual cloth, uncharacteristic of Guanyin but common for Taoist goddesses. Both wear layered robes and a high pointed crown – the Queen Mother’s centered by a phoenix and Guanyin’s by a flower surrounded by symbolic aureole of radiating light. Both have soft blissful smiles with eyes cast slightly downwards to engage their devotees. Initially covered in bright polychrome colors, there are traces of surviving red, yellow, green, brown and black.

  • SOLD Antique Nanhai Guanyin of the Southern Seas with Vial and Parrot, China (16059XCKE) $1195

    $1,195.00
    H: 17.25”  W: 9”  D: 5” | FOR SHIPPING INFORMATION CONTACT US AT 213-568-3030

    This remarkable spiritual work combines characteristics of provincially rendered carvings with imperially sanctioned images of Nanhai Guanyin. She sits in meditation on a backless throne on a stylized rocky outcrop flanked by twisting vertical structures holding her vial and white parrot. Her half-closed eyes glance down serenely under painted arched eyebrows. She wears an arched crown over hair looped over her ears and down her shoulders and flowing gold robes bordered in red in contrast to the flesh tones of the face, chest, and hands. Much of the pigmentation and gilt on this artfully rendered image remains. Surviving depictions of her with the vial and the filial parrot in good condition are relatively rare.

     

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